Light-Reflection and Refraction class 10th Important MCQ

Introduction:

                        प्रकाश (Light) हमारे जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है, जो हमें वस्तुओं को देखने में सहायता करता है। कक्षा 10 विज्ञान के इस अध्याय में प्रकाश के परावर्तन (Reflection) और अपवर्तन (Refraction) जैसे महत्वपूर्ण सिद्धांतों का अध्ययन किया जाता है। इसमें दर्पण और लेंस, छवि निर्माण, फोकस दूरी, अपवर्तनांक तथा प्रकाश के नियमों जैसे विषय शामिल हैं। महत्वपूर्ण MCQs (बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न) का अभ्यास करने से छात्र इन अवधारणाओं को स्पष्ट रूप से समझ पाते हैं और संख्यात्मक तथा सिद्धांत आधारित प्रश्नों को हल करने में दक्ष बनते हैं। यह अभ्यास परीक्षा की तैयारी को मजबूत और प्रभावी बनाता है।

PART A: REFLECTION OF LIGHT (1–50)

Plane Mirror (1–10)

1. The image formed by a plane mirror is
   A) real and inverted
   B) virtual and erect
   C) real and erect
   D) virtual and inverted
   Ans: B
2. Magnification of a plane mirror is
   A) –1
   B) +1
   C) 0
   D) >1
   Ans: B
3. Distance between object and image in plane mirror when object is 2 m away is
   A) 2 m
   B) 3 m
   C) 4 m
   D) 1 m
   Ans: C
4. If the mirror is moved by 1 cm, image moves by
   A) 0.5 cm
   B) 1 cm
   C) 2 cm
   D) 4 cm
   Ans: C
5. Image formed by plane mirror is laterally inverted because
   A) reflection
   B) refraction
   C) rotation
   D) translation
   Ans: A
6. The size of image in plane mirror is
   A) smaller
   B) larger
   C) same as object
   D) zero
   Ans: C
7. Which mirror is used as looking mirror?
   A) concave
   B) convex
   C) plane
   D) parabolic
   Ans: C
8. Image distance in plane mirror is
   A) less than object distance
   B) equal to object distance
   C) double object distance
   D) zero
   Ans: B
9. Nature of image in plane mirror is
   A) real
   B) virtual
   C) inverted
   D) diminished
   Ans: B
10. Lateral inversion is seen in
    A) convex mirror
    B) concave mirror
    C) plane mirror
    D) lens
    Ans: C

Spherical Mirrors (11–30)

11. Focal length of a concave mirror is taken as
    A) positive
    B) negative
    C) zero
    D) infinite
    Ans: B
12. Which mirror always forms a virtual image?
    A) concave
    B) plane
    C) convex
    D) parabolic
    Ans: C
13. Image formed by convex mirror is always
    A) real and inverted
    B) virtual and erect
    C) real and erect
    D) virtual and inverted
    Ans: B
14. Object at focus of concave mirror forms image at
    A) focus
    B) centre
    C) infinity
    D) pole
    Ans: C
15. Radius of curvature is related to focal length by
    A) R = f
    B) R = 2f
    C) f = R/4
    D) f = R
    Ans: B
16. Object between F and P of concave mirror forms image
    A) real, inverted
    B) virtual, erect
    C) real, erect
    D) virtual, inverted
    Ans: B
17. Image formed at centre of curvature of concave mirror is
    A) diminished
    B) enlarged
    C) same size
    D) virtual
    Ans: C
18. Convex mirror is used as rear-view mirror because
    A) magnified image
    B) real image
    C) wider field of view
    D) inverted image
    Ans: C
19. Image distance is positive for
    A) real image
    B) virtual image
    C) inverted image
    D) diminished image
    Ans: B
20. Magnification is negative when image is
    A) erect
    B) virtual
    C) real and inverted
    D) diminished
    Ans: C
21. Mirror formula is
    A) 1/f = 1/v – 1/u
    B) 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
    C) f = u + v
    D) v = u + f
    Ans: B
22. Unit of focal length is
    A) cm
    B) dioptre
    C) meter
    D) both A and C
    Ans: D
23. Image formed by concave mirror can be
    A) only real
    B) only virtual
    C) real or virtual
    D) none
    Ans: C
24. Convex mirror has
    A) negative f
    B) positive f
    C) zero f
    D) infinite f
    Ans: B
25. Object at infinity in concave mirror forms image at
    A) pole
    B) focus
    C) centre
    D) infinity
    Ans: B
26. Image is highly enlarged and virtual when object is
    A) at C
    B) beyond C
    C) at F
    D) between F and P
    Ans: D
27. Which mirror can produce real image?
    A) convex
    B) plane
    C) concave
    D) all
    Ans: C
28. Magnification formula for mirror is
    A) m = u/v
    B) m = v/u
    C) m = f/u
    D) m = f/v
    Ans: B
29. If m = –1, image is
    A) virtual
    B) erect
    C) same size
    D) diminished
    Ans: C
30. Image distance is negative when image is
    A) virtual
    B) real
    C) erect
    D) magnified
    Ans: B

PART B: REFRACTION OF LIGHT (31–100)

Basic Refraction & Refractive Index (31–50)

31. Refraction occurs due to change in
    A) wavelength
    B) speed
    C) frequency
    D) direction only
    Ans: B
32. Speed of light is maximum in
    A) glass
    B) water
    C) vacuum
    D) diamond
    Ans: C
33. Refractive index is defined as
    A) sin r / sin i
    B) sin i / sin r
    C) v / c
    D) c / v
    Ans: D
34. Unit of refractive index is
    A) m
    B) m/s
    C) none
    D) dioptre
    Ans: C
35. Bending of light towards normal occurs when light travels from
    A) denser to rarer
    B) rarer to denser
    C) vacuum to vacuum
    D) none
    Ans: B
36. Frequency of light changes on refraction
    A) yes
    B) no
    Ans: B
37. Which law relates angles of incidence and refraction?
    A) reflection law
    B) Newton law
    C) Snell’s law
    D) Huygens law
    Ans: C
38. Refractive index of vacuum is
    A) 0
    B) 1
    C) 1.33
    D) ∞
    Ans: B
39. Optical density depends on
    A) mass density
    B) refractive index
    C) thickness
    D) color
    Ans: B
40. When light goes from glass to air, it bends
    A) towards normal
    B) away from normal
    C) no bending
    D) totally reflected
    Ans: B
41. Relative refractive index is ratio of
    A) wavelengths
    B) speeds
    C) frequencies
    D) amplitudes
    Ans: B
42. Angle of emergence in glass slab is
    A) greater than i
    B) less than i
    C) equal to i
    D) zero
    Ans: C
43. Lateral displacement depends on
    A) slab thickness
    B) angle of incidence
    C) refractive index
    D) all
    Ans: D
44. In glass slab, emergent ray is
    A) perpendicular
    B) parallel
    C) opposite
    D) curved
    Ans: B
45. Refractive index increases when speed
    A) increases
    B) decreases
    C) constant
    D) zero
    Ans: B

Lenses & Power of Lens (46–100)

46. Convex lens is also called
    A) diverging
    B) converging
    C) plane
    D) concave
    Ans: B
47. Concave lens always forms image
    A) real
    B) virtual
    C) inverted
    D) magnified
    Ans: B
48. Sign of focal length of convex lens is
    A) negative
    B) positive
    C) zero
    D) infinity
    Ans: B
49. Lens formula is
    A) 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
    B) 1/f = 1/v – 1/u
    C) f = u + v
    D) v = u – f
    Ans: A
50. Power of lens is measured in
    A) meter
    B) cm
    C) dioptre
    D) watt
    Ans: C
51. Power of convex lens is
    A) negative
    B) zero
    C) positive
    D) infinite
    Ans: C
52. Power of concave lens is
    A) positive
    B) negative
    C) zero
    D) infinite
    Ans: B
53. Focal length and power relation is
    A) P = f
    B) P = 1/f
    C) P = f²
    D) P = 1/f²
    Ans: B
54. Unit of focal length in power formula is
    A) cm
    B) mm
    C) meter
    D) km
    Ans: C
55. Lens forming image at infinity has object at
    A) focus
    B) centre
    C) infinity
    D) pole
    Ans: A
56. Magnification of lens is
    A) v/u
    B) u/v
    C) f/v
    D) f/u
    Ans: A
57. If m is positive, image is
    A) real
    B) inverted
    C) virtual and erect
    D) diminished
    Ans: C
58. Concave lens focal length is
    A) +ve
    B) –ve
    C) zero
    D) ∞
    Ans: B
59. Convex lens can form
    A) only real
    B) only virtual
    C) both real & virtual
    D) none
    Ans: C
60. Net power of two lenses in contact is
    A) product
    B) difference
    C) sum
    D) ratio
    Ans: C

PART C: LENSES, SIGN CONVENTION & NUMERICAL MCQs (61–100)

Lens & Image Formation (61–80)

61. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image when the object is placed
    A) between O and F
    B) at F
    C) beyond F
    D) at O
    Ans: C
62. A concave lens always forms an image which is
    A) real and inverted
    B) real and erect
    C) virtual and erect
    D) virtual and inverted
    Ans: C
63. The focal length of a lens is measured from
    A) focus to focus
    B) centre of curvature
    C) optical centre
    D) pole
    Ans: C
64. For a convex lens, focal length is taken as
    A) negative
    B) positive
    C) zero
    D) infinite
    Ans: B
65. An object placed at 2F of a convex lens forms image at
    A) F
    B) infinity
    C) 2F
    D) O
    Ans: C
66. Image formed by a convex lens when object is within focal length is
    A) real, inverted
    B) virtual, erect
    C) real, erect
    D) virtual, inverted
    Ans: B
67. If u = –20 cm and v = +40 cm, magnification is
    A) –2
    B) +2
    C) –0.5
    D) +0.5
    Ans: B
68. A lens has power +4 D. Its focal length is
    A) 25 m
    B) 0.25 m
    C) –0.25 m
    D) –4 m
    Ans: B
69. Which lens has negative power?
    A) convex
    B) plane
    C) concave
    D) cylindrical
    Ans: C
70. Image distance is positive for a lens when image is
    A) real
    B) inverted
    C) virtual
    D) diminished
    Ans: A
71. A lens with large focal length has
    A) large power
    B) small power
    C) zero power
    D) infinite power
    Ans: B
72. A convex lens of small focal length is
    A) weak lens
    B) no lens
    C) powerful lens
    D) plane lens
    Ans: C
73. The SI unit of power of lens is
    A) metre
    B) watt
    C) dioptre
    D) joule
    Ans: C
74. If the power of lens is zero, focal length is
    A) zero
    B) one
    C) infinite
    D) negative
    Ans: C
75. A real image formed by a lens is always
    A) erect
    B) virtual
    C) inverted
    D) diminished
    Ans: C
76. Image size depends on
    A) focal length only
    B) object distance only
    C) magnification
    D) refractive index
    Ans: C
77. If magnification is –1, the image is
    A) erect and same size
    B) inverted and same size
    C) inverted and diminished
    D) erect and enlarged
    Ans: B
78. A lens used to correct myopia is
    A) convex
    B) concave
    C) cylindrical
    D) plane
    Ans: B
79. A lens used to correct hypermetropia is
    A) concave
    B) plane
    C) convex
    D) prism
    Ans: C
80. When two lenses are in contact, net power is
    A) difference of powers
    B) product of powers
    C) sum of powers
    D) ratio of powers
    Ans: C

Mixed Concept MCQs (81–100)

81. Light changes its speed when it enters a new medium due to
    A) reflection
    B) dispersion
    C) refraction
    D) scattering
    Ans: C
82. Refractive index of a medium depends on
    A) speed of light
    B) wavelength
    C) nature of medium
    D) all
    Ans: D
83. The bending of light is maximum when it passes from
    A) glass to air
    B) air to glass
    C) water to air
    D) vacuum to air
    Ans: B
84. Which quantity remains constant during refraction?
    A) speed
    B) wavelength
    C) frequency
    D) direction
    Ans: C
85. If μ increases, speed of light
    A) increases
    B) decreases
    C) remains same
    D) becomes zero
    Ans: B
86. Angle of refraction is smaller than angle of incidence when light travels from
    A) rarer to denser
    B) denser to rarer
    C) air to air
    D) vacuum to vacuum
    Ans: A
87. A glass slab causes lateral displacement because
    A) emergent ray is bent
    B) opposite faces are parallel
    C) slab is thick
    D) refractive index is low
    Ans: B
88. The image formed by concave mirror can be virtual when object is
    A) beyond C
    B) at C
    C) at F
    D) between P and F
    Ans: D
89. Which mirror has positive focal length?
    A) concave
    B) plane
    C) convex
    D) parabolic
    Ans: C
90. A convex mirror always gives image which is
    A) real
    B) inverted
    C) enlarged
    D) virtual
    Ans: D
91. A ray passing through centre of curvature retraces its path in
    A) lens
    B) prism
    C) mirror
    D) slab
    Ans: C
92. The unit of radius of curvature is
    A) dioptre
    B) metre
    C) watt
    D) joule
    Ans: B
93. A lens forms image at infinity when object is placed at
    A) focus
    B) centre
    C) optical centre
    D) infinity
    Ans: A
94. Convex lens is thick at
    A) edges
    B) centre
    C) both
    D) nowhere
    Ans: B
95. Concave lens is thick at
    A) centre
    B) edges
    C) pole
    D) focus
    Ans: B
96. The optical centre of a lens is a point where
    A) image forms
    B) light bends
    C) ray passes undeviated
    D) reflection occurs
    Ans: C
97. Magnification of concave lens is always
    A) negative
    B) zero
    C) positive and <1
    D) >1
    Ans: C
98. If f = –20 cm, the lens is
    A) convex
    B) plane
    C) concave
    D) cylindrical
    Ans: C
99. A real image can be obtained on a screen by
    A) concave lens
    B) convex lens
    C) plane mirror
    D) convex mirror
    Ans: B
100. Power of a lens depends on
     A) object distance
     B) image distance
     C) focal length
     D) thickness only
     Ans: C

Conclusion:

                    अंत में, Light – Reflection and Refraction अध्याय के महत्वपूर्ण MCQs का नियमित अभ्यास छात्रों के लिए अत्यंत उपयोगी है। इससे प्रमुख अवधारणाओं का पुनरावृत्ति होता है और प्रश्नों को तेजी व सटीकता के साथ हल करने की क्षमता बढ़ती है। निरंतर अभ्यास और सही समझ के साथ छात्र इस अध्याय में मजबूत पकड़ बना सकते हैं और परीक्षा में अच्छे अंक प्राप्त कर सकते हैं।

 Read also : Light-Reflection and Refraction Part-1 class 10 Full chapter Notes with Solved Numericals.

Read also : Light-Reflection and Refraction Part-2 class 10 Full chapter Notes with Solved Numericals.

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